Silver nanoparticles enhanced efficiency of explant surface disinfection and somatic embryogenesis in Begonia tuberous via thin cell layer culture

In vitro culture establishment is one of the most important stages in micropropagation. The disinfectant effectiveness depends on type surface disinfectant, concentration and time treatment. this initial study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used as a for petioles, flower stalks stems Begonia tuberous. addition, thin cell layer (TCL) technique has been applied purpose somatic embryogenesis. results showed that AgNPs effective eliminating infectious microorganisms B. tuberous explants; which identified included 4 species fungi (Fusarium sp., Aspergillus aculeatus, Trichoderma sp. Penicillium sp.) 1 bacteria (Pseudomonas sp.). At concentrations 200 ppm 300 ppm, not only disinfection but also increased induction rate embryogenesis stalk TCL explants (approximately 40.00%); similar effect was observed stem at same concentration. Meanwhile, petiole explants, optimal when using 100 - to disinfected explant. contrast, high (400 ppm) or low (50 did play disinfecting role stimulated derived from sterilization show any abnormalities with shapes such globular, heart, torpedo, cotyledon. double efficacy improved efficiency thus increasing micropropagation